How to Avoid Chimney Fires: Essential Tips for Homeowners

 

Chimney fires can be a devastating event for homeowners, leading to extensive damage and posing serious safety risks. Understanding the causes and implementing preventive measures is crucial for maintaining a safe home environment. This article will explore effective strategies to avoid chimney fires, ensuring that your fireplace or wood stove remains a source of warmth and comfort rather than a potential hazard.

Understanding Chimney Fires

Chimney fires occur when the buildup of creosote—a highly flammable substance formed from burning wood—ignites within the chimney flue. This can lead to flames shooting out of the chimney, causing significant damage to the structure and potentially spreading to other parts of the home. Recognizing the signs of a chimney fire and understanding its causes is the first step in prevention.

Causes of Chimney Fires

1.       Creosote Buildup: The primary cause of chimney fires is the accumulation of creosote, which can ignite when exposed to high temperatures. All types of wood create creosote. 

2.       Improper Burning Practices: Burning unseasoned wood or using excessive amounts of fuel can lead to incomplete combustion, resulting in more creosote production.

3.       Obstructions: Debris, animal nests, or blockages in the chimney can restrict airflow, increasing the risk of a fire.

4.  Improper Maintenance: Lack of proper maintenance, including sweeping to remove creosote, and inspections to check the condition of the chimney, can lead to chimney fires. 

Regular Inspections and Maintenance

Annual Chimney Inspections

One of the most effective ways to prevent chimney fires is to schedule annual inspections with a certified chimney sweep. These professionals will thoroughly examine your chimney for any signs of damage or buildup and perform necessary cleanings.

What to Expect During an Inspection:

·         A thorough cleaning of the flue to remove soot and creosote.

·         An inspection with a Chimney camera, visual inspection, and a detailed condition report outlining any issues
       found.

·         Recommendations for repairs or maintenance.

Cleaning Your Chimney

Regular cleaning is essential to prevent creosote buildup. Homeowners should consider the following:

·         Frequency of Cleaning: If you use your fireplace frequently, aim for at least two cleanings per year. For occasional use, an annual cleaning may suffice. For wood stove burners: at least twice during the season. 

·         DIY Cleaning: If you choose to clean your chimney yourself, ensure you have the right tools, such as chimney brushes and rods, and follow safety precautions. This is not recommended because homeowners usually will not know how to identify problems with the chimney system. 

Proper Wood Burning Practices

Use Seasoned Wood

Burning seasoned wood is crucial for minimizing creosote buildup. Seasoned wood has been dried for at least six months, reducing moisture content to 20%, and producing less smoke.

Identifying Seasoned Wood:

·         Look for cracks on the ends of the logs.

·         The wood should feel lightweight and produce a hollow sound when struck together.

• Use a moisture meter to measure moisture content
  

Control Airflow

Understanding how to manage airflow in your fireplace or wood stove can significantly impact combustion efficiency.

·         Adjusting the Damper: Ensure the damper is fully open when starting a fire to allow for maximum airflow. Once the fire is established, you can adjust it to maintain a steady burn.

·         Avoid Overloading: Do not overload your fireplace or stove with wood, as this can lead to smoldering fires that produce more creosote.

Installing Safety Features

Chimney Caps

Installing a chimney cap can help prevent debris and animals from entering the chimney, which can obstruct airflow and increase fire risk.

·         Benefits of a Chimney Cap:

·         Keeps out rain and snow, reducing moisture buildup.

·         Prevents animals from nesting in the chimney.

Monitoring Fire Conditions

Use a Chimney Thermometer

A chimney thermometer can help you monitor the temperature of the flue gases. Keeping the temperature within the optimal range (300-500 degrees Fahrenheit) can help prevent creosote buildup.

·         Signs of Overheating: If the thermometer indicates temperatures above 500 degrees, reduce the amount of wood being burned or adjust the airflow.

Recognize Warning Signs

Being aware of the signs of a chimney fire can help you act quickly if one occurs. Look for:

·         Loud roaring or popping noises from the chimney.

·         Flames or sparks shooting from the chimney top.

·         Smoke suddenly backing up into the home.

Emergency Preparedness

Know What to Do in Case of a Chimney Fire

If you suspect a chimney fire, it’s essential to act quickly:

•     Call Emergency Services: Dial 911 immediately to report the fire.
•     Close the Damper: If safe to do so, close the damper to limit airflow and help extinguish the fire.
•     Evacuate the Home: Ensure everyone in the home is safe and evacuate if necessary.
•   Keep watch for several hours after the fire has been extinguished. Sometimes fires or heat that escape      the chimney can ignite nearby combustibles in the walls or attic and smolder for hours. 

Keep Fire Extinguishing Tools Handy

Having the right tools on hand can make a difference in an emergency:

·         Fire Extinguisher: Keep a Class ABC fire extinguisher near your fireplace or wood stove.

·         Chimney Fire Extinguishers: Consider investing in specialized chimney fire extinguishers that can be deployed in case of a fire.

Conclusion

Preventing chimney fires requires a combination of regular maintenance, proper burning practices, and awareness of potential hazards. By following these guidelines, homeowners can enjoy the warmth and comfort of their fireplaces and wood stoves while minimizing the risk of fire. Remember, safety should always be a priority, and when in doubt, consult with a professional to ensure your chimney is in optimal condition.

By taking proactive measures, you can protect your home and loved ones from the dangers of chimney fires, ensuring a safe and enjoyable heating experience throughout the colder months.
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Marge Padgitt is a seasoned veteran in the chimney industry, with over 40 years of experience. She is the author of Your House is Killing You, Wood-Fired Heating and Cooking, and The Chimney and Hearth Pro's Resource Book. Reach her at www.chimkc.com or email margepadgitt@gmail.com. 

Tips for Preventing Bird and Animal Intrusion in Your Chimney

Chimneys are vital components of many homes, facilitating the safe expulsion of smoke and gases from fireplaces, stoves, and furnaces. However, their design can inadvertently invite unwelcome wildlife guests. Protecting your chimney from these intrusions is crucial, not only for maintaining its functionality but also for safeguarding your home environment. Without proper protection, animals can block the passageway, leading to dangerous levels of carbon monoxide indoors.

Beyond operational concerns, the presence of animals can lead to structural damage. Birds, squirrels, raccoons, and bats often consider chimneys as ideal spots for nests or temporary shelter. Their activities can cause significant harm to the chimney’s interior and exterior components, leading to costly repairs. Thus, understanding how to prevent these intrusions is essential for any homeowner.

Moreover, chimney protection is a proactive measure to preserve wildlife. Animals trapped inside a chimney can suffer severe distress or death, which is both a tragic outcome for the creature and a potential health risk for humans. By implementing effective prevention strategies, homeowners can ensure their chimneys are safe for both their families and the surrounding wildlife.

Common Animals That Intrude in Chimneys

A variety of animals find chimneys to be appealing habitats. Birds, particularly chimney swifts, often use chimneys as nesting sites. These birds are protected by law, making it illegal to remove them or their nests during breeding season. Their presence can lead to blocked flues and increased fire risks, necessitating careful management.

Squirrels are another common intruder. Agile and persistent, they can squeeze through small openings to make a home within the chimney. Once inside, squirrels may build nests using twigs and leaves, potentially obstructing airflow. Their presence can also damage the chimney lining, leading to further complications.

Raccoons and bats also frequently enter chimneys, seeking warmth and shelter. Raccoons, being larger, can cause significant structural damage as they attempt to enter or exit. Bats, while less intrusive in terms of physical damage, pose health risks due to the diseases they can carry, such as rabies. Understanding which animals are most likely to intrude can help homeowners tailor their prevention strategies effectively.

The Problems Caused by Animals in Your Chimney

Animals within your chimney can lead to a myriad of problems, beginning with blockages. These blockages can cause smoke and harmful gases to back up into the home, posing serious health risks. In severe cases, the accumulation of flammable debris can result in chimney fires, which can quickly escalate into house fires.

Structural damage is another significant concern. The physical activities of animals, such as nesting and burrowing, can weaken the chimney's infrastructure. Over time, this can lead to cracks in the flue lining or even the collapse of chimney sections. The cost of repairing such damage can be substantial, making prevention a more economical option.

Additionally, animals can introduce parasites and diseases into the home. Birds and bats, for instance, can harbor mites, fleas, and ticks, while raccoons and bats are known carriers of rabies. These health hazards highlight the importance of keeping chimneys animal-free, ensuring a safe living environment for residents.

Effective Prevention Strategies for Chimney Intrusion

Preventing animal intrusion in chimneys begins with regular maintenance and inspection. Homeowners should schedule annual chimney inspections to identify potential entry points and assess the condition of the chimney structure. This proactive approach allows for early detection of issues, minimizing the risk of animal entry.

Installing chimney caps is one of the most effective preventive measures. These caps are designed to fit snugly over the chimney opening, blocking animal access while allowing smoke and gases to escape. Chimney caps come in various designs, including those with mesh screens that specifically deter smaller creatures, such as birds and bats.

In addition to physical barriers, maintaining a clean chimney is crucial. Regular sweeping removes debris that might attract animals, such as nesting materials left by previous intruders. By keeping the chimney free of attractants, homeowners can significantly reduce the likelihood of future invasions.

The Role of Chimney Covers in Animal Prevention

Chimney covers  play a pivotal role in preventing animal intrusions. These covers serve as a physical barrier, effectively blocking access to the chimney while ensuring proper ventilation. Available in various materials such as stainless steel, aluminum, and copper, chimney covers are durable and resistant to weather conditions, making them a long-term solution. Stainless steel is the strongest material and the best animal deterrent.

The design of chimney covers can also include mesh screens, which are particularly effective against smaller animals like birds and bats. These screens prevent creatures from entering while allowing smoke and gases to pass through. Some covers also feature an expanded metal mesh, offering additional protection against larger animals such as raccoons. Note that mesh size is regulated by code, and there are options such as single-flue covers, multi-flue covers, and custom-made covers that offer more protection by covering all flues in a chimney and have larger overhangs at the top to help keep rain out. Another option is a combination Damper/Cap, which closes the top off completely, making it nearly impossible for anything to enter the flue such as insects, bats, birds, animals, and rain. These types of covers are operated from inside the fireplace.  

Installing a chimney cover is a straightforward process, yet it can dramatically reduce the risk of animal intrusion. By investing in a quality cover, homeowners protect their chimneys from potential blockages, structural damage, and the associated health risks posed by animal inhabitants. This small investment can save significant costs in repairs and health-related issues in the long run.

How to Identify Signs of Animal Intrusion

Recognizing the signs of animal intrusion in your chimney is crucial for timely intervention. Common indicators include unusual noises, such as scratching, chirping, or rustling sounds emanating from the chimney. These noises typically occur early in the morning or at dusk when animals are most active.

Another sign of intrusion is the presence of droppings or nesting materials around the fireplace or chimney base. These materials can vary depending on the animal, ranging from small twigs and leaves to larger debris brought in by raccoons or squirrels. The smell of animal waste is also a significant indicator that an animal has taken residence within the chimney.

Visual inspection can also reveal signs of intrusion. Look for damage to the chimney cap or cover, which may indicate an entry attempt. Additionally, soot or ash deposits with unusual patterns could suggest that animals are using them for nesting. Being vigilant and recognizing these signs early can prevent more severe problems and facilitate quick resolution.

When to Call a Professional for Chimney Issues

While some chimney maintenance tasks can be handled by homeowners, certain situations require professional intervention. If you suspect a significant animal infestation, contacting a wildlife removal expert is advisable. These professionals have the tools and expertise to safely and humanely remove animals, ensuring compliance with wildlife protection laws.

Professional chimney sweeps provide valuable services. They can conduct thorough inspections, clean the chimney, and identify structural issues that may facilitate animal entry. If you notice persistent problems, such as recurring animal noises or blockages, a professional assessment can help pinpoint underlying issues and recommend solutions.

In cases where the chimney structure has been compromised, hiring a masonry specialist may be necessary. These professionals can repair cracks, replace damaged components, and reinforce the chimney to prevent future intrusions. By seeking professional help when needed, homeowners can maintain a safe and functional chimney system.

Seasonal Considerations for Chimney Maintenance

Chimney maintenance should be a year-round priority, but certain seasons warrant specific attention. Spring is an ideal time for thorough inspections and cleaning, as it follows the colder months when chimneys are most heavily used. This timing also allows homeowners to address any damage caused by freezing and thawing cycles.

During the summer, homeowners should focus on preventive measures, such as installing or repairing chimney covers and sealing potential entry points. This preparation ensures the chimney is ready for fall and winter use, reducing the likelihood of animal intrusions during these seasons when animals seek warmth and shelter.

Summer is a critical time for final inspections and cleaning before the heating season begins. Ensuring the chimney is free of debris and functioning correctly is essential for safe operation throughout the winter. By aligning maintenance activities with seasonal changes, homeowners can effectively manage their chimney's condition and minimize the risk of animal intrusion.

DIY Tips for Keeping Your Chimney Animal-Free

Homeowners can take several DIY steps to keep their chimneys free of animals. Regularly inspecting the chimney for signs of wear and potential entry points is a simple yet effective strategy. Look for cracks, gaps, or damage to the chimney cover, and address these issues promptly to maintain a secure barrier.

Maintaining a clean yard can also deter animals from approaching the chimney. Remove debris, such as fallen branches and leaves, which animals might use for nesting. Trimming tree branches that overhang the roof can prevent animals from accessing the chimney from above.

Finally, applying repellents designed for specific animals can be an additional deterrent. These products, available at most hardware stores, can be applied around the chimney area to discourage animals from approaching. By combining these DIY strategies with regular professional maintenance, homeowners can significantly reduce the risk of animal intrusion.

Conclusion: Ensuring a Safe and Functional Chimney

A well-maintained chimney is crucial for the safety and efficiency of any home. By understanding the risks posed by animal intrusions and implementing effective prevention strategies, homeowners can protect their chimneys from damage and ensure a safe living environment. Regular inspections, the installation of chimney covers, and prompt professional intervention when needed are key components of a comprehensive maintenance plan.

Taking proactive steps to prevent animal intrusion not only preserves the chimney's functionality but also protects the home's occupants from potential health hazards. By prioritizing chimney maintenance and adopting a vigilant approach, homeowners can enjoy the warmth and comfort of a fireplace without the worry of unwanted wildlife guests.

For reliable chimney maintenance and expert advice on preventing animal intrusion, consider scheduling a professional inspection. Protect your home and ensure your chimney remains safe and functional all year round. Don’t wait for problems to arise—take action now and secure peace of mind for you and your family.

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Marge Padgit is the president of HearthMasters chimney restoration company and HearthMasters Publishing Co. in Independence, MO. Reach her at www.chimkc.com or www.hearthmaters.net.

How to Maintain a Masonry Chimney

 

Maintaining a masonry chimney is essential for ensuring its longevity and functionality. A well-maintained chimney not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of your home but also plays a crucial role in the safety and efficiency of your heating system. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the various aspects of chimney maintenance, from identifying signs of damage to performing regular inspections and repairs.

Understanding the Importance of Chimney Maintenance

Chimneys are exposed to various environmental factors, including rain, snow, and extreme temperatures, which can lead to deterioration over time. Regular maintenance is vital for preventing costly repairs and ensuring the safety of your home. Here are some key reasons why chimney maintenance should be a priority:

Safety Concerns

A poorly maintained chimney can pose serious safety hazards, including the risk of chimney fires and carbon monoxide poisoning. Creosote buildup, a byproduct of burning wood, can ignite and cause a fire within the chimney. Regular cleaning and inspections can help mitigate these risks.

Structural Integrity

Over time, moisture can seep into the masonry, leading to cracks and deterioration. If left unaddressed, these issues can compromise the structural integrity of the chimney, potentially leading to costly repairs or even collapse.

Efficiency

A well-maintained chimney ensures proper ventilation for your fireplace or heating system. Blockages or damage can hinder airflow, reducing the efficiency of your heating system and increasing energy costs.

Signs of Damage to Look For

Being proactive in identifying signs of damage can save you from more extensive repairs down the line. Here are some common indicators that your chimney may need attention:

Cracks and Gaps

Inspect the exterior of your chimney for visible cracks or gaps in the bricks or mortar joints. These can develop due to thermal expansion, settling of the foundation, or freeze-thaw cycles. Addressing these issues promptly can prevent further damage.

Spalling Bricks

Spalling occurs when the surface of the bricks begins to flake or chip away, exposing the inner layers. This can be caused by moisture infiltration, rain, and freeze-thaw cycles. Spalling not only affects the appearance of your chimney but also compromises its structural integrity. If you see spalling bricks, have them replaced. If a large area of the chimney is spalling it may need to be rebuilt. Soft bricks are more susceptible to moisture penetration than hard bricks, but unfortunately, builders use soft bricks in many cases because they are less expensive. 

Effleorescence

Efflorescence

Efflorescence appears as white stains on the chimney surface, caused by the migration of salts to the surface due to moisture evaporation. While not harmful in itself, it can indicate underlying moisture issues in the interior that need to be addressed. In most cases, efflorescense is seen on the utility flue side where the water heater, furnace, or boiler are located. Inspection of the interior flues in the chimney are critical to check for washed out mortar joints, gaps, or even missing flue tiles, and properly sized flue liners. 

Water Stains

Look for water stains on the ceiling or walls near the chimney. These can indicate leaks caused by damaged flashing or deteriorated chimney crowns. If left unchecked, water intrusion can lead to mold growth and wood rot. The chimney should be inspected by a professional, who knows how to do leak checks and find the source(s) of the problem. 

Smoke and Odors

If you notice smoke or unpleasant odors entering your home when using the fireplace, it may indicate blockages or airflow problems. Common causes include creosote buildup or debris obstructing the flue.

Regular Inspections: A Key Component of Maintenance

Conducting regular inspections is crucial for identifying potential issues before they escalate. Here’s how to approach chimney inspections:

Frequency of Inspections

It is recommended to have your chimney inspected at least once a year by a qualified professional chimney sweep. This ensures that any signs of damage or deterioration are caught early.

What to Expect During an Inspection

During a professional inspection, the technician will assess the condition of the chimney structure, check for signs of damage, and recommend necessary repairs or maintenance. They will also inspect the flue for blockages, make sure the damper is functioning correctly, check for proper sizing of the flue liner, inspect the smoke chamber, ensure that the chimney cap is in good condition and more. A pro will use a chimney camera system to inspect the interior of the chimney and provide a written report with photos. 

Cleaning Your Chimney

Regular cleaning is essential for maintaining the safety and efficiency of your chimney. Here’s how to approach chimney cleaning:

When to Clean

Schedule a professional chimney cleaning at least once a year, or more frequently if you use your fireplace or wood-burning insert regularly. If you notice a buildup of soot or creosote, it’s time for a cleaning.

DIY Cleaning Tips

If you choose to clean your chimney yourself, ensure that you have the proper tools, including a properly sized chimney brush, a vacuum, tarps, and protective gear. Start by removing the fireplace grate and any ashes, then use the brush to scrub the flue from top to bottom. Note: we do not recommend doing this job yourself unless a pro is not available. 

Waterproofing Your Chimney

Applying a waterproof treatment can help protect your chimney from moisture damage. Here’s what you need to know:

Benefits of Waterproofing

Waterproofing helps prevent water absorption, which can lead to brick deterioration and weakening or deterioration of mortar. It is recommended to reapply the sealant every 2-5 years or when water no longer beads up. Professional chimney sweeps have access to professional-grade water repellent that is not available to the public.

Installing a Chimney Cover

A chimney cap serves as a protective barrier against rain, snow, debris, and animals entering your chimney. Here’s why it’s important:

Benefits of a Chimney Cover

A properly installed chimney cap helps prevent moisture damage and reduces the risk of chimney fires caused by debris buildup. It also keeps birds and animals from entering your chimney and making flammable nests or blockages.

Maintenance of the Chimney Cover

Regularly inspect the chimney cap to ensure it is securely in place and free of debris. If you notice any damage, consider replacing it promptly.

Monitoring for Damage

Being vigilant about monitoring your chimney can help catch issues early. Here are some tips:

Visual Inspections

Conduct monthly visual inspections of your chimney and fireplace. Look for loose bricks, cracks, or signs of water damage. If you notice any issues, contact a professional for further assessment.

Seasonal Maintenance

Perform seasonal maintenance checks, especially before and after the burning season. In the spring, inspect and clean your chimney to remove smelly creosote and assure it is ready for fall. Also check for any damage that may have occurred during the winter.

Safe Burning Practices

Practicing safe burning techniques can help minimize creosote buildup and protect your chimney. Here’s how:

Use Seasoned Wood

Always use seasoned hardwoods in your fireplace or wood-burning stove. These woods produce less creosote compared to unseasoned or softwoods, however, all wood creates creosote that must be removed at some point. Do not burn hedge or dry pine because these woods burn very hot and fast and can lead to a chimney fire. Check moisture content with a moisture meter and make sure it is at or under 20%. 

Avoid Burning Trash

Never burn trash, cardboard, wrapping paper, railroad ties, or other materials that can release harmful chemicals and contribute to chimney damage. Stick to burning only dry, seasoned wood.

Scheduling Professional Repairs

If you notice significant damage or structural issues with your chimney, it’s essential to contact a certified chimney professional for repairs. Here’s what to consider:

Choosing a Professional

Look for a chimney service provider with experience and positive reviews. Ensure they are certified and knowledgeable about masonry repairs.

Importance of Timely Repairs

Addressing chimney issues promptly can prevent further damage and ensure the safety and efficiency of your heating system. Don’t wait until minor problems escalate into major headaches.

Conclusion

Maintaining a masonry chimney is crucial for ensuring its longevity, safety, and efficiency. By conducting regular inspections, cleaning, and addressing any signs of damage promptly, you can keep your chimney functional for years to come. Remember, when in doubt, consult a professional to ensure that your chimney remains a safe and reliable part of your home.

By following these guidelines, you can enjoy the warmth and ambiance of your fireplace with confidence, knowing that your chimney is well-maintained and safe for use.

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Marge Padgitt is the co-owner of HearthMasters and HearthMasters Publishing. She was a Certified Chimney Sweep from 1990-2004, and an NFI Certified Woodburning Specialist from 2003-2024, when she semi-retired from contracting. Marge is the author of Wood-Fired Heating and Cooking, Your House is Killing You, and The Chimney and Hearth Pro's Resource Book. www.chimkc.com 

It's Spring Cleaning Time!

It's Spring Cleaning Time!

 Chimney Sweeping should be done in the Spring!

It's that time of year again - when chimneys serving fireplaces, wood stoves, or woodstove inserts should be swept to remove flammable creosote. Why not wait until Fall? For several reasons:

• Summer heat and moisture make soot in the flue smell bad

• Creosote is acidic, and it eats away at mortar in the flues of masonry chimneys.

• Fall is a busy time for chimney sweeps, so make it easy and do it now!

This type of service should be completed by a professional chimney sweep who knows how to do the job right and inspect the chimney after sweeping to assure that it is in good working order. Inexperienced persons do not have the training to do this job correctly. 

While at your home, ask your chimney sweep to inspect gas flues as well. Flues serving furnaces, boilers, water heaters, and gas logs or gas inserts also need to be inspected annually. Flues with damages or clogs can cause deadly Carbon Monoxide to back up into the home. 

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It's time to have your dryer vent cleaned!

Did you know that only 25% of lint is trapped in the lint filter? The rest is in your dryer vent, dryer, and connecting pipe!

There are over 45,000 house fires annually due to dirty dryer vents!

LINT IS FLAMMABLE!

If your dryer is not working properly, it is a sign that the vent and pipe need to be cleaned. This job should be done by a professional. 

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If you live in the greater Kansas City area, contact Hearthmasters at www.chimkc.com. 

Otherwise, do an internet search for professionals in your area. 

Water is a Masonry Chimney’s Worst Enemy

Brick and stone are used in construction because of their aesthetic and durability, however, these materials, along with mortar, are susceptible to water damage and need to be maintained to prevent failure.  Since restoration or reconstruction is costly, it is important to keep a watchful eye on any chimneys in a home.

Bricks, stones, and mortar all absorb rainwater to some degree based on their density and hardness. Some of these masonry materials, such as soft-type brick, absorb and retain water more easily than hard-type brick. Unfortunately, many builders use soft brick since the cost is lower, and problems usually won’t show up for several years after a structure has been built and they are long gone.

Spalling bricks and missing mortar due to water penetration

All types of masonry should be treated with a professional water-repellant sealer every two to five years. The sealer will reduce penetration of water into the masonry by causing the water to bead up. This process alone can save homeowners thousands of dollars. Without water repellant, the masonry will absorb moisture, go through freeze/thaw cycles, and at some point will begin to spall (faces pop off). In severe cases, mortar is washed out and bricks may fall out.

The next area of concern is the cement cap, otherwise known as a wash, splay, or crown. The cement cap acts as a roof for a chimney, and if properly built will shed water away from the top portion of the chimney rather than directing rainwater onto the masonry. This area is the most common space to find damage to the masonry since most cement caps are not built properly and to International Residential Code requirements. The IRC requires a 4” thick cap with a 2” drip edge and drip channel, with bond breaks around the flue tiles to allow for expansion. A properly built cap will last for many years and will help protect the masonry below it.

Finally, faulty flashing is often a source of leaking into the attic or other floors of the home. If water damage is found next to a chimney at the ceiling area, suspect the flashing as the first place to look. Gaps or missing pieces of flashing, or unsealed areas will likely be areas of concern that need to be addressed with sealant, repair, or replacement.

If your chimney is spalling, has deteriorated mortar,  a cracked or improperly built cement cap, or leaking issue, contact your local chimney professional for help. 

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Marge Padgitt is a 40-year chimney industry veteran and the author of Wood-Fired Heating and Cooking. Website: www.chimkc.com. 

Chimney Fire in Prairie Village, KS Captured on Camera

 

A chimney fire occurred in February of 2023 in the 4600 block of West 82^nd St, Prairie Village Kansas. The neighbor captured photos of the fire department putting out the fire and sent them to us. The neighbor happens to be a client of HearthMasters. Since it is not common to get photos of chimney fires while they are in progress, we decided to post this event in order to warn people about the dangers of chimney fires.

Chimney fires occur when flammable creosote ignites inside a smoke chamber or flue due to an errant spark, a fire that is too large, or the use of paper, which can be pulled upward by draft and ignite the creosote. The amount of creosote inside the flue, along with draft, will determine how long the fire keeps going.

Most chimney fires are extinguished by expanding creosote, and often homeowners are unaware that they occurred. The damage may be found later by a chimney sweep. The interior and exterior of a chimney may be severely damaged by expansion and contraction caused by the heat of a chimney fire, making it unusable, and causing thousands of dollars of damage. Chimney fire damage is covered by homeowner’s insurance.

Some chimney fires are noticed at the time the occur, and that is when the fire department is called to put it out. Homeowners should always call the fire department when a fire occurs because it might not be contained inside the chimney if there are any breechings in the masonry or if combustible framing is incorrectly installed next to the chimney, which unfortunately happens too often. 

One of our customers stayed up all night watching his house after a chimney fire occurred, and had to call the fire department back three times because it kept reigniting combustible framing in the wall area. Had he not stayed up the house may have burned completely, 

After a chimney fire has occurred, the chimney should be inspected by a qualified professional chimney sweep using a chimney camera. If damages are found, which is very likely, the sweep should document the damages with photos and a written evaluation report for insurance purposes. Homeowners should not attempt to remove burnt creosote or do an inspection themselves.

Close up of firemen on the roof

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Marge Padgitt is president of HearthMasters, Inc. in Independence, Missouri. She is the author of The Chimney and Hearth Pro's Resource Book and Wood-Fired Heating and Cooking. www.chimkc.com 

HearthMasters Celebrates 40 Years in Business

 

Local Chimney Company Celebrates Forty Years in Business   HearthMasters, Inc. is celebrating forty years in business. Gene Padgitt started the company in 1982 as a one-man chimney sweeping operation, which has grown to become a chimney and fireplace restoration business with multiple employees.   Independence, Missouri, December 9, 2022   Gene Padgitt was laid off from Safeway Foods in the summer of 1982 and was looking for work when he ran across an ad in Mother Earth News Magazine which looked appealing. The ad said a person could earn as much as $49 to sweep a chimney after purchasing $1,600 in equipment, which included a huge vacuum system by August West. Gene consulted with his future brother-in-law, Frank Kithcart, who worked as a chimney sweep in Seattle, and Frank encouraged him to make the plunge. In his first season as a chimney sweep Gene made $10,000 after placing a single ad. It was then that he knew he was onto something that could turn into a full-time profitable business, however, Gene also realized that he didn’t know as much as he needed to, and there was more to it that just sweeping chimneys. In 1986 Marge Padgitt joined the company and took over writing reports and estimates, and marketing. They both attended educational seminars and training by the National Chimney Sweep Guild and other industry organizations and got certified by the Chimney Safety Institute. Together, Gene and Marge built the company with additional employees and services which include diagnosis of performance problems, restoration and building of masonry chimneys, fireplaces, brick ovens, masonry heaters, and more. They do residential, commercial, and government work. Gene is one of only a 32 Certified Heater Masons in the world and has won over a dozen awards for his masonry work. He also specializes in historic chimney restoration, which is quite different than modern chimney restoration. Gene obtained a degree in Heating, Ventilation, and Cooling in 1986, and is an NFI Certified Gas Specialist. He began doing fire investigations in 1996 for a local fire marshal and obtained his State Certified Private Fire Investigator License shortly after. He is the only PFI who specializes in structural fires related to chimneys, fireplaces, and heating appliances in Missouri, Kansas, and other neighboring states, so is in big demand by insurance companies and forensic companies. Marge Padgitt is a Missouri licensed Private Investigator. She is very active in the chimney industry and served on the board of directors for the Midwest Chimney Safety Council for 25 years; and on the board of directors for the National Chimney Sweep Guild; the Midwest Hearth, Patio, and Barbecue Association; and the Masonry Heater Association of North America. Marge published the MCSC Magazine and her own Wood-Fired Magazine. She is the author of over 250 articles which appeared in magazines and online newspapers nationwide. She has presented free chimney safety seminars to local homeowner groups and associations for many years. Marge wrote “The Chimney and Hearth Pro’s Resource Book,” and “Wood-Fired Heating and Cooking,” which Gene consulted on. She has more books in the works and will bring a new show to her YouTube Channel in January 2023 called “The Chimney Lady.” The show will focus on chimney, fireplace, and heating appliance safety, maintenance, and use. The Padgitts have maintained an office in Independence, Missouri since 1987. Long-term lead employees include Maria McKenzie, Tony Gross, and Ron Schmidt. HearthMasters, Inc. is the only chimney restoration company that holds a Master Mechanical License, which is required in most cities in the greater Kansas City area to do relining of chimneys or installation of hearth appliances.   Contact: Marge Padgitt Email: office@chimkc.com Cell: 816-365-9492

Gene showing a customer what the inside of his chimney looks like by using a chimney camera system.

Marge and Gene Padgitt

Gene Padgitt in his tuxedo with his Karmann Ghia in the 1984 Raytown parade Gene working on an historical chimney in Northeast Kansas City

Historical chimney restoration project on a Queen Anne Victorian home in NE Kansas City Custom built stone masonry heater built by Gene Padgitt

Everything you need to know about Wood-Fired appliances Wood-Fired Heating & Cooking is a guide for homeowners, preppers, and homesteaders who are planning to install a wood-fired heating appliance, improve their existing masonry fireplace, or install a wood-fired cooking appliance. Industry veterans Gene and Marge Padgitt explain how each type of appliance works and how to properly locate, operate, and maintain them. Heating appliances covered in this book are masonry fireplaces, Rumford fireplaces, circulating fireplaces, furnaces, wood-burning fireplace inserts, freestanding stoves, masonry heaters, and rocket mass heaters. Wood selection and preparation is included. Cooking appliances discussed are wood-burning indoor cook stoves, indoor and outdoor brick ovens and oven kits, Tandoori ovens, grills, and campfires along with cooking tools and utensils. More info: www.woodfiredpub.com $15 each or two for $28.00. Available in our office by appointment or order online. _____________________________________________________ Contact: Marge Padgitt  office@chimkc.com 816-365-9492 cell